Royvaldian is a moribund Anglic language spoken in the northern most part of and islands of Great Britain having roughly 45,000 native speakers scattered across northern Scotland, Orkney, and Shetland. The language has revitalization efforts but is largely endangered due to supplantation by English. Unlike other English relatives, Royvaldian is not a descendant of Middle English; rather Old Royvaldian is a sister language to Middle English and is a descendant of Old English.
Royvaldian also had a now extinct population of speakers in North America. Colloquially known as Scots, Scottish, or North Scottish in the United States had populations in New England (mostly in Maine, Conneticut, Massachusetts, and Rhode Island) and in Appalachia (mostly in Kentucky, West Virginia, and southern Ohio.) The New England population is widely unattested save for a few letters and colonial documents and is assumed to have been absorbed into the English speaking population around the early to middle 1700s. The Appalachian population survived long enough for there to be wide documentation of their population and language, one recording was made of a native speaker Shoan Vilyem or also called Sean Williams in census data, this recording was created on a phonograph in 1898. Interestingly, the recording shows some sound changes in the Appalachian dialect. The word nicht /nixt/ meaning "night" is heard as /nekt/ and the word treia /tɾea̯/ meaning "tree" is heard as /tri/. The Appalachian dialect has been extinct since 1910.
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